The Ethics of Anonymity

Before you read this, understand that I am neither a lawyer nor a philosopher, and the information here should not be construed as expert. Weigh it on its own merit. I’m just someone who likes to think about stuff.

AnonymistI got up early this morning to respond to a comment I received many days ago, replying to my September 26 article, Code of Information Ethics. The author wrote:

I’m wondering about the last point: Be Accountable. Does this imply that blogs shouldn’t be anonymous? So many of the educational blogs I read are written under pseudonyms, obviously to hide the identities of teachers who don’t feel like they can voice their opinions otherwise. It seems that it would be more tempting for a person to shirk the first three points of the SPJ Code of Ethics if they knew they could not be identified. Just something that has been on my mind as my school faces two lawsuits stemming from teachers’ (unrecorded) in-class comments, while I write a (very printable) blog with my name on it.

Coincidentally, the one e-mail that I read during a brief scan of what was pouring in from 7:00 PM last night, was a report from Andy Carvin on the Delaware Supreme Court’s ruling yesterday, that anonymity should be protected. Carvin goes on to report in the WWWEDU posting that…

(the court) determined that the statements in question weren’t construed as defamation because online forums and blogs are less credible than online content posted by mainstream media outlets.

You can read Andy Carvin’s (his real name) complete analysis of the ruling in his recent blog article Online Anonymity at the Expense of Blog Credibility?

I fully understand the author who questioned the place of anonymity within the context of the Student & Teacher Information Code of Ethics, which was adapted from the Society of Professional Journalists Code of Ethics. To consider this question, I think that we’re going to have to do something that we’re going to have to do a lot of in the coming years — think about things differently.

Several days ago, I was delivering a workshop on contemporary literacy. At the end of one of the discussions, someone asked, “Does this mean the end of expertise?” I suggested that the new information environment may not mean the end of expertise, but it may mean the end of credentialed expertise (with obvious exceptions).

First of all, we receive credentials and diplomas based on containers of information. We read the right books, attend the right lectures, write the right papers, and are evaluated by the right experts, who have read the right… and we become credentialed experts. Increasingly, though, so much of the information is out there for the taking, flowing independent of containers, that people can make themselves an expert on their own efforts to research, reflect, share, and respond — and serve.

Admittedly, the world is a whole lot more complicated by exceptions than I imply. But my point is that it is in our interest to pay much more attention to the information, and concern ourselves less with its authorship. In a time of rapid change, the best ideas and solutions may not wait for people who have followed the maze of containers, but from the free thinker who has mined the free flow of information, reflected, shared, and responded.

All this is to say that having the documented name of the author is not as important as the reader’s responsibility to weight the information’s value in terms of the goals we are trying to accomplish and within the context of a code of ethics (is the information true, reliable, harmful, etc.). We are responsible for our actions, and our actions are increasingly based on the information that we use. It is the readers responsibility to assure that the information they act on is true, and the degree of responsibility is in direct relation to the consequences of the action.

As teachers, it is our responsibility to turn all of this into common sense. But common sense is rarely intrinsic. It is common sense not to aim a bow with a notched arrow at other people. But that common sense comes from a knowledge of the killing power of a bow and arrow. We must teach our students the power that information carries to build and to destroy, so that it becomes their common sense to:

  • Seek out information that can be relied on, not just that which agrees with our own world view
  • Always ask questions about the answers that we find
  • Be responsible for our actions and the information that drives our actions
  • Love and protect the truth

Finally, we do not have the luxury of perfect freedom. We, here in the U.S., have a Bill of Rights. But we live in a time when many would weaken this aspect of our constitution. In addition, the Bill of Rights protects us from government action, not from those who have economic power over us, our employers. So as long as we must struggle in our efforts toward enlightened self fulfillment, then we should have to the right do so anonymously, so long as we do so responsibly.

Watch Scotland

Ewan MacIntoshEwan MacIntosh, with Learning and Teaching Scotland, dovetailed (A WWW in the WWW) on one of my recent entries (Wikibooks), to describe a project that I have been hearing about for some time. A languages specialist and experienced school teacher, MacIntosh is the architect and Development Officer for the Modern Languages Virtual Environment. This project, apparently, is to be the model for a much larger service for Scottish teachers, Scottish Schools Digital Network, which will provide them with access to a wealth of content, that they can pick and choose, mix and remix, into learning resources and experiences for their students. Also integrated into this tool will be a community element where a variety of communication conduits will allow and even provoke communication and community formation between teachers with similar interests, teaching styles, and topics of teaching.

I was in Scotland this time last year, and was deeply impressed with what I saw in their educators, and especially in their conversations. I’ve commented on this before, that the educators in scotland (and other countries I’ve visited) talk about their profession with a confidence that we, in the U.S., seem to have forgotten. They recognize themselves as the instructional leaders of their classrooms and they act like leaders.

They, as the education experts, behind MacIntosh’s vision, are building something that goes square against the traditional model of instructional support materials, that of corporate designed and produced books, built to satisfy the lowest common denominator of instructional needs, and firmly seated in the education infrastructure.

Perhaps what impressed me the most about my work in Scotland was the realization of what a small country (this isn’t a geography lesson) of well educated effectively connected people can accomplish. What should have our textbook companies worried and working hard to design their own digital content services, is that once built and refined, what Ewan and his team are building can so very easily be replicated.

Look for exciting big changes in the next very few years — in those countries that are looking forward.

Reflections from the Road

I have spent a good part of the last few weeks on the road working with educators from eastern North Carolina, to several locations in New Hampshire, to Texas, and back to NC. Each of these events has been extended workshops, rather than short addresses or presentations at conferences. As a result, they have been an opportunity for me to learn from teachers about their world of the classroom, and their insights about teaching in a time when information and communication are changing so rapidly.

Here are just a few reflections on what I am learning.

First of all, I am both reminded and surprised at the amount and consistency of frustration that teachers and administrators across the country are experiencing with high stakes testing. They see many elements of NCLB as barriers to their personal goals as educators and their vision of the profession.

It is important to note that these are teachers and administrators who have selected themselves to attend workshops called “Integrating Contemporary Literacy into the Curriculum”, “Blogs, Wikis, & Web 2.0”, and “The Three-Ts of Teaching in the 21st Century”. But I ask you, are these the educators you would want for your children, or the ones who remain in their classrooms working hard to assure rising test scores. Still, the extent of their frustration and their willingness to express their frustration surprised me.

Another thing that has given me pause to think came out of a recent set of workshops I facilitated on Video Production. As part of the workshop, I asked the participants — elementary school teachers, in an extraordinarily technology-rich school — to interview each other with video cameras. They were asked to pretend that they were teachers in the year 2015, and to talk about how the job has changed since back in the year 2005. Almost without exception, the teachers described schooling as something where learning happens independent of the teacher — literally and geographically. The teacher works in Utah, for example, while students can be all across the nation.

Now I know these teachers, and I know that given more than 2 minutes for such an interview, their vision would extend far beyond notions of distance learning for 4th graders. Yet it disturbs me a bit, as an old school teacher with admittedly romantic notions of what teachers and students do, that all of this technology is leading people to think of education as something that involves plugging in. I personally do not think that this is where formal education is going, though certainly a large part of life-long learning will be virtual, in all its degrees.

But teaching children involves adults leading them by the hand into their future, fully aware of the the tools and times that we live in, and availing ourselves of all the opportunities and responsibilities.

I recently heard a quote that I’ve taken to heart. Ray Kurzweil said…

I am an inventor.
As an inventor, I am interested in long term trends.
Because an invention must make sense in the world in which it is finished,
not the world in which it is started.

Winston Salem

Wikibooks

WikiBooksLuminary, Bonnie Bracey, shared with us (one of the mailing lists I monitor) an article from ZDNet, Wikibooks takes on Textbook Industry. Wikibooks is an interesting development from Jimbo Wells Wikipedia project, especially when thinking back on the Downers Grove Summit. You might recall that selected educators from suburban Chicago attended two days of work on Web 2.0 technologies and then spent some time negotiating (Summit) how they might be leveraged for teaching and learning. The first quarter of the conversation centered on how these new technologies might become the textbook of the future. You can hear the conversation at Connect Learning, Episode 36 File 1.

I thought I would share my response here:

This is an exciting project, though I wonder if the textbook metaphor may be short lived. The model for learning in the 21st century should be life-long learning. It isn’t just that we are preparing children to become life-long learners, but that should be the model (with obvious exceptions).

Years ago, when I was forced by circumstances to move my web site from my Mac web server running Filemaker Pro, to a Linux web server running MySQL and PHP scripting, I went out and spent about $80 on some books. I almost never opened them up. I ended out researching on the Net to solve current problems, and keeping a notebook of common code modules.

I think it’s a great idea, asking people to contribute their knowledge for student learning, but the textbook may be an outdated model. Perhaps, create a different angle for WikiPedia, and ask people to contribute to that, and then ask students to use that content to create their own textbooks (or what ever you might call them — notebooks) with which they learn what ever the outcomes of the course might be.

How about creating a world wide web, within the world wide web that is explicitly designed to provide content (open source) for learners, and build it in a way that students can remix the content into their personal textbooks/learning networks/notebooks/whatever.